Obesity

Obesity is a medical condition where a person carries excess weight or body fat that might affect their health. It's usually defined by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher. WHO on Obesity

What is pre-obesity?

Overweight is a precursor to obesity. It's defined by a body mass index (BMI) between 25 and 29.9. Like obesity, it implies carrying excess weight but to a lesser degree. CDC on Overweight & Obesity

Statistics/Demographics

As of recent data, over 135 million individuals were affected by obesity in India.

Which are the body parts that get effected?

Obesity affects nearly every system: Cardiovascular (heart disease), musculoskeletal (arthritis), endocrine (type 2 diabetes), respiratory (sleep apnea), and it can also increase the risk of certain cancers. CDC on Health Effects of Overweight & Obesity

Symptoms

Preclinical: Overweight doesn't necessarily present specific symptoms beyond weight gain, but it may lead to noticeable health changes or increased fatigue.

Clinical: Increased body fat, shortness of breath, fatigue, joint or back pain, increased sweating, and snoring. Associated health issues can also manifest. Mayo Clinic on Obesity

Risk factors

Genetics, diet high in simple carbohydrates, sedentary lifestyle, lack of sleep, endocrine disruptors, certain medications, and psychological factors.

How to control/manage obesity?

Caloric reduction, increased physical activity, behavior changes, prescription weight-loss medications, and in some cases, weight-loss surgery.

Role of nutrition & diet

Diet plays a vital role. Eating a balanced diet with appropriate portion sizes can help prevent and treat obesity.

What food/nutrients should you focus on?

• Increase intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.

• Reduce intake of sugary drinks and high-calorie, low-nutrient foods. CDC on Healthy Eating

Beyond BMI, waist circumference can also be an indicator of obesity-related conditions. Support from healthcare providers, family, and community can aid weight management efforts. CDC on Overweight & Obesity